Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue

Samadou Sanni; Ibrahim Tchakala; Clement Kolawole Balogoun; Tomkouani Kodom; Moctar Limam Bawa

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15

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Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue

Samadou Sanni, Ibrahim Tchakala, Clement Kolawole Balogoun, Tomkouani Kodom, Moctar Limam Bawa

Published in American Journal of Physical Chemistry (Volume 11, Issue 3)

Received: 24 July 2022 Accepted: 25 September 2022 Published: 28 September 2022

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Abstract

The aim of this work is the synthesis of actived carbon optimized from the brewery's residue by a simple pyrolysis process preceded by a chemical impregnation with phosphoric acid. The activated carbon obtained coded CA-D has been applied for the removal of to the cationic dye (methylen blue). With a good mass yield of 77.7%, the iodine and methylene blue index tests on CA-D are 987.9 mg/g and 658.4 mg/g, respectively. The CA-D surface functions have more acidic chemical functions (6.4 meq/g) than basic functions (1.6 meq/g) with a pH at zero charge point to 4.3. The methylene blue adsorption tests on CA-D showed that equilibrium was established after 90 minutes. The influence of parameters such as adsorbent mass, pH and the initial pollutant solution concentration were studied to determine the best adsorption conditions of methylene blue dye on CA-D. The maximum removal rate (99%) of methylene blue is obtained at a basic pH of 8 with a mass of 0.3g of CA-D. The kinetic model of pseudo-second gives a better description of the kinetics of the BM adsorption reaction on CA-D with a correlation coefficient close to 1 (R² = 0.99) and a large approximation of the theoretical (50.35 mg/g) and experimental (49.63 mg/g) adsorption capacity. The studies on adsorption isotherms show that the H-type isotherm (Freundlich isotherm) is better adapted but is also similar to the L-type (Langmuir isotherm). CA-D could then be an alternative adsorbent for the removal dyes from water.

Published in	American Journal of Physical Chemistry (Volume 11, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15
Page(s)	78-84
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Brewery Brewers' Grains, Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Adsorption Capacity

References

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[3]	TCHAKALA Ibrahim, “Contribution to the study of the preparation of activated carbons from carbonaceous residues of food processing industries (case of shea cake and cotton cake): characterization and applications in water treatment”, Thesis, UNIVERSITE DE LOME, TOGO, 2013.
[4]	L. D. Kouadio et al., «preparation and characterization of activated carbon from the cocoa shell.», p. 11.
[5]	S. Hazourli, M. Ziati, A. Hazourli, et C. Mouna, «Valorization of a natural ligno-cellulosic residue in activated carbon - example of date pits», Rev. Ener. Renouv., ICRESD 07 Tlemcen, p. 187-192, janv. 2007.
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[8]	N’guessan Joachim KROU, “Experimental study and modeling of an AD-OX sequential process for the elimination of organic pollutants”, UNIVERSITY OF TOULOUSE, TOULOUSE, 2010.
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[12]	I. Tchakala, L. Bawa, G. Djaneye-Boundjou, K. Doni, et P. Nambo, «Optimization of the process for preparing Activated Carbons by chemical means (H₃PO₄) from Shea cakes and cotton cakes», Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci, vol. 6, no 1, p. 461-478, août 2012, doi: 10.4314/ijbcs.v6i1.42.
[13]	O. S. Mamane, A. Zanguina, I. Daou, et I. Natatou, «Preparation and characterization of activated carbons based on kernel shells of Balanites Eagyptiaca and Zizyphus Mauritiana», p. 59-67, juin 2016.
[14]	S. D. Maazou, H. I. Hima, M. M. M. Alma, Z. Adamou, and I. Natatou, «Elimination of chromium by activated carbon produced and characterized from the shell of the kernel of Balanites aegyptiaca», International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, vol. 11, no 6, p. 3050-3065, 2017.
[15]	F. Benamroui, «Removal of cationic dyes by activated carbons synthesized from agricultural residues», PhD Thesis, 2015.
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APA Style

Samadou Sanni, Ibrahim Tchakala, Clement Kolawole Balogoun, Tomkouani Kodom, Moctar Limam Bawa. (2022). Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue. American Journal of Physical Chemistry, 11(3), 78-84. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15

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ACS Style

Samadou Sanni; Ibrahim Tchakala; Clement Kolawole Balogoun; Tomkouani Kodom; Moctar Limam Bawa. Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue. Am. J. Phys. Chem. 2022, 11(3), 78-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15

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AMA Style

Samadou Sanni, Ibrahim Tchakala, Clement Kolawole Balogoun, Tomkouani Kodom, Moctar Limam Bawa. Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue. Am J Phys Chem. 2022;11(3):78-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15,
  author = {Samadou Sanni and Ibrahim Tchakala and Clement Kolawole Balogoun and Tomkouani Kodom and Moctar Limam Bawa},
  title = {Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue},
  journal = {American Journal of Physical Chemistry},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {78-84},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpc.20221103.15},
  abstract = {The aim of this work is the synthesis of actived carbon optimized from the brewery's residue by a simple pyrolysis process preceded by a chemical impregnation with phosphoric acid. The activated carbon obtained coded CA-D has been applied for the removal of to the cationic dye (methylen blue). With a good mass yield of 77.7%, the iodine and methylene blue index tests on CA-D are 987.9 mg/g and 658.4 mg/g, respectively. The CA-D surface functions have more acidic chemical functions (6.4 meq/g) than basic functions (1.6 meq/g) with a pH at zero charge point to 4.3. The methylene blue adsorption tests on CA-D showed that equilibrium was established after 90 minutes. The influence of parameters such as adsorbent mass, pH and the initial pollutant solution concentration were studied to determine the best adsorption conditions of methylene blue dye on CA-D. The maximum removal rate (99%) of methylene blue is obtained at a basic pH of 8 with a mass of 0.3g of CA-D. The kinetic model of pseudo-second gives a better description of the kinetics of the BM adsorption reaction on CA-D with a correlation coefficient close to 1 (R² = 0.99) and a large approximation of the theoretical (50.35 mg/g) and experimental (49.63 mg/g) adsorption capacity. The studies on adsorption isotherms show that the H-type isotherm (Freundlich isotherm) is better adapted but is also similar to the L-type (Langmuir isotherm). CA-D could then be an alternative adsorbent for the removal dyes from water.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue
AU  - Samadou Sanni
AU  - Ibrahim Tchakala
AU  - Clement Kolawole Balogoun
AU  - Tomkouani Kodom
AU  - Moctar Limam Bawa
Y1  - 2022/09/28
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15
T2  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
SP  - 78
EP  - 84
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2449
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15
AB  - The aim of this work is the synthesis of actived carbon optimized from the brewery's residue by a simple pyrolysis process preceded by a chemical impregnation with phosphoric acid. The activated carbon obtained coded CA-D has been applied for the removal of to the cationic dye (methylen blue). With a good mass yield of 77.7%, the iodine and methylene blue index tests on CA-D are 987.9 mg/g and 658.4 mg/g, respectively. The CA-D surface functions have more acidic chemical functions (6.4 meq/g) than basic functions (1.6 meq/g) with a pH at zero charge point to 4.3. The methylene blue adsorption tests on CA-D showed that equilibrium was established after 90 minutes. The influence of parameters such as adsorbent mass, pH and the initial pollutant solution concentration were studied to determine the best adsorption conditions of methylene blue dye on CA-D. The maximum removal rate (99%) of methylene blue is obtained at a basic pH of 8 with a mass of 0.3g of CA-D. The kinetic model of pseudo-second gives a better description of the kinetics of the BM adsorption reaction on CA-D with a correlation coefficient close to 1 (R² = 0.99) and a large approximation of the theoretical (50.35 mg/g) and experimental (49.63 mg/g) adsorption capacity. The studies on adsorption isotherms show that the H-type isotherm (Freundlich isotherm) is better adapted but is also similar to the L-type (Langmuir isotherm). CA-D could then be an alternative adsorbent for the removal dyes from water.
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Samadou Sanni

Laboratory of Applied Hydrology and Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Lome, Lome, Togo
Ibrahim Tchakala

Laboratory of Applied Hydrology and Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Lome, Lome, Togo
Clement Kolawole Balogoun

Laboratory of Applied Hydrology and Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Lome, Lome, Togo
Tomkouani Kodom

Laboratory of Applied Hydrology and Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Lome, Lome, Togo
Moctar Limam Bawa

Laboratory of Applied Hydrology and Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Lome, Lome, Togo

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Samadou Sanni, Ibrahim Tchakala, Clement Kolawole Balogoun, Tomkouani Kodom, Moctar Limam Bawa. (2022). Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue. American Journal of Physical Chemistry, 11(3), 78-84. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15

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ACS Style

Samadou Sanni; Ibrahim Tchakala; Clement Kolawole Balogoun; Tomkouani Kodom; Moctar Limam Bawa. Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue. Am. J. Phys. Chem. 2022, 11(3), 78-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15

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AMA Style

Samadou Sanni, Ibrahim Tchakala, Clement Kolawole Balogoun, Tomkouani Kodom, Moctar Limam Bawa. Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue. Am J Phys Chem. 2022;11(3):78-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15,
  author = {Samadou Sanni and Ibrahim Tchakala and Clement Kolawole Balogoun and Tomkouani Kodom and Moctar Limam Bawa},
  title = {Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue},
  journal = {American Journal of Physical Chemistry},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {78-84},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpc.20221103.15},
  abstract = {The aim of this work is the synthesis of actived carbon optimized from the brewery's residue by a simple pyrolysis process preceded by a chemical impregnation with phosphoric acid. The activated carbon obtained coded CA-D has been applied for the removal of to the cationic dye (methylen blue). With a good mass yield of 77.7%, the iodine and methylene blue index tests on CA-D are 987.9 mg/g and 658.4 mg/g, respectively. The CA-D surface functions have more acidic chemical functions (6.4 meq/g) than basic functions (1.6 meq/g) with a pH at zero charge point to 4.3. The methylene blue adsorption tests on CA-D showed that equilibrium was established after 90 minutes. The influence of parameters such as adsorbent mass, pH and the initial pollutant solution concentration were studied to determine the best adsorption conditions of methylene blue dye on CA-D. The maximum removal rate (99%) of methylene blue is obtained at a basic pH of 8 with a mass of 0.3g of CA-D. The kinetic model of pseudo-second gives a better description of the kinetics of the BM adsorption reaction on CA-D with a correlation coefficient close to 1 (R² = 0.99) and a large approximation of the theoretical (50.35 mg/g) and experimental (49.63 mg/g) adsorption capacity. The studies on adsorption isotherms show that the H-type isotherm (Freundlich isotherm) is better adapted but is also similar to the L-type (Langmuir isotherm). CA-D could then be an alternative adsorbent for the removal dyes from water.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Study of the Synthesis of Activated Carbon from Brewery Grains: Application to the Removal of the Cationic Dye Methylene Blue
AU  - Samadou Sanni
AU  - Ibrahim Tchakala
AU  - Clement Kolawole Balogoun
AU  - Tomkouani Kodom
AU  - Moctar Limam Bawa
Y1  - 2022/09/28
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15
T2  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
SP  - 78
EP  - 84
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2449
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20221103.15
AB  - The aim of this work is the synthesis of actived carbon optimized from the brewery's residue by a simple pyrolysis process preceded by a chemical impregnation with phosphoric acid. The activated carbon obtained coded CA-D has been applied for the removal of to the cationic dye (methylen blue). With a good mass yield of 77.7%, the iodine and methylene blue index tests on CA-D are 987.9 mg/g and 658.4 mg/g, respectively. The CA-D surface functions have more acidic chemical functions (6.4 meq/g) than basic functions (1.6 meq/g) with a pH at zero charge point to 4.3. The methylene blue adsorption tests on CA-D showed that equilibrium was established after 90 minutes. The influence of parameters such as adsorbent mass, pH and the initial pollutant solution concentration were studied to determine the best adsorption conditions of methylene blue dye on CA-D. The maximum removal rate (99%) of methylene blue is obtained at a basic pH of 8 with a mass of 0.3g of CA-D. The kinetic model of pseudo-second gives a better description of the kinetics of the BM adsorption reaction on CA-D with a correlation coefficient close to 1 (R² = 0.99) and a large approximation of the theoretical (50.35 mg/g) and experimental (49.63 mg/g) adsorption capacity. The studies on adsorption isotherms show that the H-type isotherm (Freundlich isotherm) is better adapted but is also similar to the L-type (Langmuir isotherm). CA-D could then be an alternative adsorbent for the removal dyes from water.
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
ER  -

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